Introduction: Melanochromis joanjohnsonae is commonly known as the Pearl of Likoma. This striking freshwater fish, native to Lake Malawi, is renowned for its beautiful pearl-like coloration and active, inquisitive nature. The Pearl of Likoma adds a splash of color and excitement to any aquarium and is a favorite among cichlid enthusiasts for its unique appearance and behavior.
Scientific Name: The Pearl of Likoma is scientifically known as Melanochromis joanjohnsonae. It is commonly referred to as the “Pearl of Likoma” due to its iridescent, pearl-like body coloration.
Water Quality and Temperature: To ensure the health and well-being of the Pearl of Likoma, provide an environment that mirrors its natural habitat:
- Temperature: Maintain a temperature range of 75°F to 82°F (24°C to 28°C) for optimal comfort.
- pH Level: Keep the pH level between 7.8 and 8.6 to replicate their natural conditions in Lake Malawi.
- GH Level: Aim for a general hardness (GH) level between 10 to 20 dGH for a stable environment.
- KH Level: Maintain the carbonate hardness (KH) within the range of 8 to 12 dKH.
Feeding: The Pearl of Likoma is an omnivorous fish with a varied diet. Provide a balanced diet that includes:
- Cichlid Pellets: High-quality pellets specifically formulated for cichlids.
- Flake Foods: Nutrient-rich flake foods that cater to their dietary needs.
- Live or Frozen Foods: Such as brine shrimp, bloodworms, and daphnia to supplement their diet with protein.
- Vegetables: Blanched vegetables like peas, spinach, and zucchini can be offered occasionally.
Tank Mates: The Pearl of Likoma can be territorial and semi-aggressive, particularly during breeding. Suitable tank mates include other robust and similar-sized cichlids, such as other mbuna species. Avoid housing them with smaller or overly passive fish that may be bullied or stressed.
Substrates and Tank Decorations: Use a coarse substrate like crushed coral or gravel to mimic their natural rocky environment. Incorporate rocks, caves, and driftwood to provide hiding spots and create a natural setting. The Pearl of Likoma enjoys having territories and places to explore, so ensure there are plenty of hiding spots.
Suitable Plants: While the Pearl of Likoma may not be plant-friendly due to their digging behavior, you can use hardy and resilient plants that can tolerate such conditions. Consider using plants like Java Fern, Anubias, and Vallisneria, which can be anchored securely and withstand some disturbance.
Sexing: Sexing the Pearl of Likoma can be done by observing their coloration and body size. Males are typically more vibrant in color and may have a larger body size compared to females. During breeding, males may also display more intense color patterns.
Breeding: Breeding the Pearl of Likoma is relatively straightforward, as they are mouthbrooders. Provide a breeding tank with plenty of hiding spots and flat surfaces for spawning. Maintain excellent water quality and slightly increase the temperature to encourage breeding. After spawning, the female will carry the eggs and fry in her mouth (buccal cavity) until they are free-swimming.
Maximum Size and Longevity: The Pearl of Likoma typically grows to about 4 to 5 inches (10 to 12 cm) in length. With proper care, they can live up to 5 to 7 years or more, providing long-term enjoyment and vibrant activity in your aquarium.
General Information: The Pearl of Likoma is admired for its striking appearance and active behavior. Its adaptability to various water conditions and territorial nature make it a fascinating and colorful addition to freshwater aquariums.
A Fun Fact: The Pearl of Likoma is named after Joan Johnson, a prominent figure in the study of cichlids, and the Likoma Island in Lake Malawi, where this species is commonly found.
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